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SQL And

The AND operator combines multiple conditions in a WHERE clause. A row must satisfy all conditions to be returned.
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SQL AND Operator

The AND operator is used in a WHERE clause to combine multiple conditions. A record is returned only if all conditions are true.

Basic Syntax

SELECT column1, column2
FROM table_name
WHERE condition1 AND condition2;

Example: Two Conditions

Return customers from the USA who are active:

SELECT name, country, status
FROM customers
WHERE country = 'USA' AND status = 'active';

Example: Numeric Filters

Return products with price over 100 and stock available:

SELECT name, price, stock
FROM products
WHERE price > 100 AND stock > 0;

Example: Date Range with AND

Return orders between two dates using two comparisons:

SELECT id, order_date
FROM orders
WHERE order_date >= '2026-01-01' AND order_date <= '2026-01-31';

Combine More Than Two Conditions

You can chain multiple AND conditions. All must be true for a row to match.

SELECT name, country, status
FROM customers
WHERE country = 'USA'
  AND status = 'active'
  AND email IS NOT NULL;

AND with OR: Use Parentheses

When mixing AND and OR, always use parentheses to make your logic explicit. Without parentheses, SQL applies operator precedence, which can produce unexpected results.

Example: customers in the USA who are either active or trial:

SELECT name, country, status
FROM customers
WHERE country = 'USA' AND (status = 'active' OR status = 'trial');

Common Mistakes

  • Forgetting parentheses when combining AND and OR
  • Comparing NULL with = instead of using IS NULL / IS NOT NULL
  • Making conditions too broad and returning more rows than expected

Next Step

Continue with SQL OR to learn how to match records when at least one condition is true.

SQL Or →