MVC Overview

MVC explained: responsibilities and request flow end-to-end.

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What MVC Means

MVC is a common architecture pattern: Model = data/domain logic, View = presentation (HTML), Controller = request handling and coordination. The goal is separation of responsibilities.

Responsibilities

Controller: validate input, call services, choose response (HTML/JSON). Service/Model: business logic. View: render HTML safely.

Request Flow

A typical request goes through: router → controller → service/repository → view/response.

Request
  -> Router
     -> Controller
        -> Service / Repository
           -> DB
        -> View (HTML) or JSON Response

Why MVC Helps

MVC makes code easier to maintain, test, and extend. It reduces spaghetti code and allows you to scale from a small site to a large application.

Production Tip

Keep controllers thin. Move business logic into services. Keep views dumb (no heavy logic). This is the core habit that makes backend code professional.

Routing Basics →